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Great Engineering Tour: Beijing Water Cube

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For thousands of years, China has repeatedly created the greatest architectural milestones in the world, showcasing its greatness and national strength. In the 21st century, China has rapidly emerged as a global power and once again demonstrated its determination and ability to integrate into the world through steel, concrete, glass, and stone. However, in today's China, the wonders are far from limited to this. Foam is common, but can you imagine building a durable house out of foam? In Beijing, the capital of China, workers are constructing a groundbreaking architectural marvel in human history. When Beijing lit the Olympic flame, all eyes in the world will converge on the unparalleled National Aquatics Center—a superstructure that outshines traditional steel and concrete buildings. In the world of superstructures, it is commonly referred to as the Water Cube. The Water Cube was funded by global Chinese communities, representing their hopes and dreams for China hosting the 2008 Olympics. The architectural design was jointly created by PTW Architects from Australia and ARUP's structural engineers, in collaboration with the China State Construction Engineering Corporation. It was ultimately decided upon through online voting by the Chinese public and finalized by the leadership of China. The design of the Water Cube integrates multiple technological achievements, with its concept inspired by soap bubbles—tetrafluoroethylene. Tetrafluoroethylene, abbreviated as ETFE, is referred to by chemists as fluoropolymers, and we commonly call it plastic. This material, with its unique structure, has endowed the Water Cube with environmental, fire-resistant, and earthquake-resistant qualities. This awe-inspiring honeycomb structure required 90 kilometers of steel and 22,000 steel beams, completely defying traditional linear design. The intricate metal framework, enough to encircle the Olympic track over 200 times, is covered with 100,000 square meters of plastic film, sufficient to cover 14 full-sized football fields. Cut into pillows with a diameter of 9 meters but a thickness of only 0.2 millimeters, thinner than a nickel coin by nearly eight times. All of this undoubtedly makes it a masterpiece of Chinese architecture in the 21st century...

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